ABSTRCAT
In times
past, a great deal of research has been carried out at various levels in the
impact of Television on the socialization process of children in several parts
of the world by mass communication scholars
Contrary what is regarded as the
norms, this present study is specifically addressing itself to the positive
contribution made by television on the socialization process of children.
In obtaining a scientific conclusion,
the research method adopted was the multi-staged sampling techniques and
systematic random number were adopted in sample selection. With data collection
through the questionnaire method presentation, coding and analysis the
researchers found that the result of this study gave credence to the fact that
the television is a positive contributor to the socialization of children more
especially when supervised by parents
It is therefore recommended in this study that parents should pay
particular attention to what children watch and the national Broadcasting
commission (NBC) should regulate the kind and times of procreated, especially
for children.
In addition, any future replication of
the study should be carried out at the national level as to ensure a more
national spread and applicability since this a closed circuit study.
TABLE OF
CONTENT.
Title page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of
content
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1
Statement of the problem
1.2
Significance of the study
1.3
Objective of the study
1.4
Research questions
1.5
Research hypothesis
1.6
Definition of terms
1.7
Scope and limitations
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1
Summary of literature review
2.2
References
CHAPTER THREE
3.0
Research methodology
3.1 Measuring instrument
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Presentation and analysis of data
4.1 Summary
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Conclusions
5.1
Recommendations
5.2
Bibliography
5.3
Questionnaire
HYPOTHESES
Hi: Children who watch approved television
features experience positive socialization
Ho: Children who
watch all television programmes experience negative socialization
Hi: Children who
watch television programmes too often way not develop good interpersonal
relationship
Ho: Children who
seldom watch television programmes develops good interpersonal relationship
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION.
The effect
of television on the audience especially in children have seen the subject of a
great deal of research and have for need out to be a matter of deep concern
ever since the shift expansion of television in the 1950s. new intervention and
innovations such as cable networks, the internet shop screens, in recent times,
have further complicated the issue because children have at their disposal all
sort of movies and musical programmes to select from at will.
A general motion strongly held by
observers and analyze alike shows clearly that despite the medium tremendous
impact on education, information and entertainment, the viewers most times run
the risk of being transformed into a violent generation thereby producing sex
maniacs and monsters who generally assume a wrapped standard of conduct, rape
and use of foul languages including notorious western habits were pat of the
social vices that have formed the lives of these children as a result of
indiscriminate television viewing. It was noted that “Children have the
capacity to give themselves over completely to the world created by the
pictorial media. Such intense involvement often leads to strong emotional
responses.
In times past, experiments have been
carried out aimed at observing and measuring behaviors of the audience after
watching a programme. In 1974, some experts were able, through their laboratory
experiments to show that their exists a positive causal relationship between watching
violent portrays on television and levels of aggressiveness in individuals
viewers.
A look at all these researcher, students and
experiment would clearly reveal that the scholar are basically interested in
looking at television as a positive contributor to the socialization of the
children in the audience
STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Considering
that a lot of research has been done on the effect of television on children,
these researchers have mostly dwelt on the negative effect of television viewing
and have drawn the inference that television is a negative contributor to the
socialization of children.
This study is basically interested in
highlighting the ways in which television viewing can aid and enhance the
process of socialization of children in our society. This of course does not
totally over rule the fact that the medium does not in some ways or cases
actually contribute to socialization.
The problems therefore is to
investigate whether television viewing after all contributes positively to the
socialization of children.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Basically,
the major question to be answered here is whether television is really harmful
to its viewers especially children and to establish the level if any of its
contribution to the process of socialization in children. In other parts of the
world, cumulative studies have shown television as an important influence, both
positively and negatively to the socialization of children. This case of
Nigeria will be investigated different people and institution may already have
an established belief as to the level of contribution of the medium but this
study will go through investigation to reveal whether negative contributions
are more than positive contributions.
The result of the study is expected to
act as a guide for parents and guidance to control what their children watch
especially with recent introduction of cable networks and satellites systems,
ensuring that only that which will bring about positive reactions and behaviors
from them is viewed.
Through this, the children can
concentrate watching only those programmes that will enable them turn out to be
properly socialized beings, leaving off those that tend to bring out the word
in them and do not in any way attest to the reality or true state of affairs in
the real world. Television programmes planners can through this, consider the
need of children while programming.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The
objectives of this study is multi-facted. The study is first of all aimed at
establishing the fact that the vertical theory of mass communication which
suggests that the audience is a “Mass of
disconnected individual†looked
up to the media with instance powerful effect, has become obsolete in the world
of communication.
Children are not, by any stretch of
imagination sponges indiscriminately soaking up any things and every thing they
see or hear. This study will assess the situation that television broadcasting
and media values generally are under going a steady self examination and
revision towards a more responsible definition of what interests the children
on our society. This study will show that the main effect of television is one
of the socialization that aids in cultivation of stability and tranquility.
This, of course is not with other major cultural institutions and agents of
socialization. But the television gives credibility and potency to other medium
of communication and can match through its ability to reach both literate and
illiterate audience and its unique blend of auditory and visual impact. It is
expected that at the end, this study would enable and encourage planners to
consider the structure of their programmes and organize to suit and enhance the
process of socialization of children.
Finally, the work will enable the national
Broadcasting Commission (NBC) to properly regulate and check certain programmes
that may be harmful to children and also call to book the television
establishment that would violate the standards set by the commission.
It is with earnest viewers that when
this is completed, television viewers in Enugu
and indeed Nigeria, especially children will
tap the benefit inherent in this wonderful and dynamic medium.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The study shall be guided by
the following research questions
1 Does television
viewing contributes to socialization of children
2. Does
television viewing contribute positively to socialization of children
3. Does
television viewing contribute negatively to socialization of children
4. What is the
level of contribution television programme viewing has to the socialization of
children
5. Do children
belie what they see on television.
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
The following research hypothesis shall be put for further
testing., they shall also help in collection of data and construction of te
questionnaires
Hi: Television viewing contributes to the
socialization of children
Ho: Television
viewing does not contribute to the socialization of children
Hi: Children who
watch television features experience positive socialization.
Ho: Children who
watch all television programmes experience socialization.
Hi: Children who
watch television programmes too often may not develop good interpersonal
relationship
Ho: Children who
seldom watch television programmes develop good interpersonal relationship
DEFINITION OF TERMS
TELEVISION
CONCEPTUAL: The medium used in transmitting a view of
events, films etc,
OPERATIONAL:
The medium through which message are brought to audience as a form of
entertainment education and information.
POSITIVE CONTRIBUTOR
CONCEPTUAL: Definite joining with others in giving help to
something or some one.
OPERATIONAL:
Having a share in something without giving room for doubt.
SOCIALIZATION
CONCEPTUAL: Peaceful co-existence among individuals for
the norms and values of the society.
OPERATIONAL:
Living in groups and making a definite efforts to fit into that group by
observing the laws that govern the inhabitants.
CHILDREN
CONCEPTUAL: Unborn or newly born human beings boy or girl
OPERATONAL:
Young individual between the ages of 1day to 17 years
SCOPE AND LIMITATION
The
problems being investigated in the study is such that touches on the lives of
children all over the world and as a result, required that the cope takes a
national or international nature. However as a result of the existing
constraints, this study shall be limited to Enugu
state Nigeria.
In Enugu, the population is found to be too
large, so the size shall be reduced to the tans-ekulu and Ogui new layout areas
of Enugu state.
The former represents low density area
and reflect people or samples in the high economic and social class while the
latter represents high density area and reflects sample from low and average
economic and social class. The sample has limited demographic and geographic
area and characteristic and should not be adequate to generalize the whole
country. Suing a combination of experimental and observational methods could
lead to a more scientific result, but as a result of the limited period of this
study, this could frustrate long time observation of tendencies of these
children to be used in the study. Neither can there be a way of ensuring the
previous knowledge of television programmes of these children placed in a
controlled environment.
Financial constraints distribution and
collection of the measuring instrument are other factors that could limit the
smooth process of this study. So that
the possibility of getting an accurate result from such an experiment is almost
impossible.
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