CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The design of this 30 volt Audio
Amplifier with volume, table and bass control which was done wit ht he
combination of five (5) different circuit which are interconnected during or
after construction. This amplifier
operates with an option of a left and right channel.
The combination of these circuit
include this main amplifier circuit (which consist of a left and right channel,
two treble and bass pre – amp circuit and the power supply circuit.
The main amplifier circuit consist of an
interpreter circuit (IC) and lots of resistors, electrolytic capacitor with few
a mp circuit of a transistor with some resistors and paper capacitor.
The power circuit which is used to
power all the circuit 6f a 30 volt step down transformer, double rectification
circuit, with 2 diodes and capacitor (Electrolyic). This amplifier when
constructed, can produce up to 800 watts (w) of audio signal. It can be sued to amplify the sound of audio
sound system like mini radio cassette player, compact disc player, turn
table record player, car radio cassette player or any
other sound system that requires increased audio.
This amplifier when produced in large
or commercial quality, according to purpose will create job opportunity,
provide indigenous electronics technology industry, and it will contribute to
economic growth of the nation.
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE
PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
INTRODUCTION
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER
ONE
1.1
PREAMBLE
1.2
DEFINITION
1.3
SPEAKER
CHAPTER
TWO
2.1
RESISTOR
2.2
CAPACITOR
2.3
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (I.C)
2.4
TRANSISTOR
2.5
LIGHT EMITTING DIODE
2.6
POWER TRANSFORMER
CHAPTER
THREE
3.1
POWER SUPPLY
3.2
OPERATION OF TRANSFORMER
3.3
RECTIFICATION AND SMOOTHENING
CHAPTER
FOUR
4.1
TONE CIRCUIT
4.2
TREBLE AND BASS PRE-AMP
4.3
OPERATION
4.4
DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER
FIVE
5.1
AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT
5.2
VOLUME CONTROL
5.3
BIASING AND STABILIZATION
CHAPTER
SIX
6.1
OVERALL CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
6.2
BLOCK DIAGRAM
COSTING
REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 PREAMBLE
In recent
times, people normally have to address large gathering at a time, and a
reliable means of communication has to be used, otherwise the message would not
be clear and heard by all. This fact has
us into this project which has been explained fully in this write up. The project is the design and construction of
a 30 volts audio amplifier, with microphone input and volume, treble and bass
control.
1.2 DEFINITION
OF TERMS
1.2.1 AMPLIFIER
An
amplifier is a device which increases low signal to a very high signal so that
it could be heard. The increase of this
low signal involve the use of transistors and specially made integrated circuit
(IC). Transistor is an active component
in amplification that play a very big role in the design and construction of the
amplifier. The efficiency in the use of
transistor depend on how well the transistors are used. The mother of biasing transistors will be
discussed later.
The function of an amplifier is to
provide gain, the gain is that either the current or the voltage output is
directly proportional to the current or the voltage input and is greater in
magnitude.
1.2.2 MICROPHONE
A microphone is defined as a device
used to convert mechanical sound energy to electrical sound energy of
equivalent frequency and relative amplitude.
The microphone as a device converts sound from the human voice into
electrical energy which is heard on the speaker after it has been converted
back to sound. A low resistance
microphone is most preferable.
1.2.3
A speaker can be defined as a
transducer used to convert electrical signals into sound signal. A loud speaker is required to handle a
relatively large acoustic output power, loud speaker are made up of permanent
magnet and diaphragm which vibrates the surround air in accordance with the
electrical signals passed through it. It
is the last stage of the system where the amplified signal is heard by the
listina. Sometimes speakers is said to
be in electro acoustic transducer used for converting electrical audio signal
corresponding sound signal. It converts
the varying amplitude dc into sound wave.
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